While the present day scientific study of insight has existed because the 1950s, only in the last 10 years have the powerful tools of cognitive neuroscience been put on the problem. Tools like the electroencephalogram (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) are being used to unravel the neural mechanisms that underlie creative insights.
Studying how insight comes up in the mind is challenging, but NSF-funded cognitive neuroscientist John Kounios and his colleague Mark Beeman developed an activity that allows them to study insight in the laboratory. Volunteers were asked to resolve a large number of phrase puzzles while their brains were scanned with fMRI or EEG. SILENT can be an anagram). Subjects pressed a button the moment they became aware of the perfect solution is to the anagram and reported whether the solution came super fast of understanding or through a far more deliberate strategy.
For puzzles that were solved with understanding, the researchers observed a unique pattern of neural activity. In addition to this finding, the burst of high regularity activity was preceded by something quite unexpected. About one . 5 seconds before the subject pressed the button, the EEG in the right visual cortex began to oscillate at an extremely low frequency, which is thought to reflect a suppression of neural processing. Why would activity in the visible cortex be suppressed before a flash of insight? Kounios suggests it could reveal a reduction of visual inputs, perhaps facilitating creativity.
The same effect on the EEG can be achieved simply by shutting one’s eyes, which people do during extreme mental effort often. On the other hand, Kounios believes the high frequency oscillation in the right superior temporal gyrus is the neural calling card of insight. Many have pondered whether the ability to solve problems with insight can be enhanced.
While Kounios reviews that he and his team have used topics’ own EEG patterns as reviews to help them know when their brains are in a state of readiness for understanding, this approach is impractical for everyday use. Instead, Kounios recommends positive emotions. Another exciting preliminary finding from his laboratory is the extent of variation from individual to individual in the inclination to use insight-based problem-solving. Kounios and his team are actually looking to pin down the underlying neural basis of individual differences, identifying specific neurotransmitter systems that may influence insight-based problem-solving, and identifying whether drugs that focus on the mind could improve understanding.
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To do that, they are using genetics, brain scanning, and methods located in cognitive mindset. Kounios said that business people are thinking about using his research to enhance the creativeness of their employees and their important thing. Kounios emphasized that other countries are investing in research on creativity and insight. However, although insights appear to emerge instantly, there is no quick trick or fix to creativity. Creative insights do not spring into existence out of nothing-new connections between concepts may appear only when there’s a rich knowledge base to begin from.
The first thing you should know about Google’s business model is that it’s multi-sided. This means that it brings two distinct but related customers collectively. In Google’s case, its customers are its search users and its advertisers. The platform is only appealing to advertisers because search users are also present. Conversely, search users would not have the ability to use the platform free of charge were it not for advertisers. As you can see the diagram provides you an immediate understanding of the main element parts of Google’s business model. Google makes money from the advertiser customer segment, whose ads appear in search results or on web pages either.
